Linear regression where the sum of vertical distances d1 + d2 + d3 + d4 between observed and predicted (line and its equation) values is minimized.
The least squares regression line is the line that minimizes the sum of the squares (d1 + d2 + d3 + d4) of the vertical deviation from each data point to the line (see figure below as an example of 4 points).įigure 1. If the plot of n pairs of data (x, y) for an experiment appear to indicate a "linear relationship" between y and x, then the method of least squares may be used to write a linear relationship between x and y.
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